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Mentoring

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Social Media as a Means of Networking and Mentorship: Role for Women in Cardiothoracic Surgery
Luc JGY, Stamp NL, Antonoff MB.
Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018 Winter;30(4):487-495.

Rationale for inclusion: Social media serves as a valuable tool to enhance the networking and mentorship of surgeons, particularly for women in CT surgery who may lack exposure to same-sex mentors at their own institution.

CAVEAT: Results are survey-based; pertains to CT surgery

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

The role of same-sex mentorship and organizational support in encouraging women to pursue surgery
Faucett EA, McCrary HC, Milinic T, Hassanzadeh T, Roward SG, Neumayer LA.
Am J Surg. 2017 Oct;214(4):640-644.

Rationale for inclusion: Exposure to same-sex mentors is highly rated among female participants.

CAVEAT: Results are survey based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Surgical Mentorship: A Great Tradition, But Can We Do Better for the Next Generation?
Lillemoe KD
Ann Surg. 2017 Sep;266(3):401-410.

Rationale for inclusion: Author's address to the ASA regarding the current state of mentorship, including barries and obstacles.

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Formal mentorship in a surgical residency training program: a prospective interventional study
Zhang H, Isaac A, Wright ED, Alrajhi Y, Seikaly H.
J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Feb 13;46(1):13.

Rationale for inclusion: Shows that formal mentorship programs can potentially alleviate high levels of stress and burnout within a surgical residency program and achieve higher levels of personal satisfaction as well as overall quality of life.

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Medical Student Mentorship in Plastic Surgery: The Mentor's Perspective
Janis JE, Barker JC.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016 Nov;138(5):925e-935e.

Rationale for inclusion: By comparing the perspectives on mentoring between attending surgeons and medical students, discrepancies and similarities were identified.

CAVEAT: Results are survey-based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Characterization of Mentorship Programs in Departments of Surgery in the United States
Kibbe MR, Pellegrini CA, Townsend CM, Helenowski IB, Patti MG.
JAMA Surg. 2016 Oct 1;151(10):900-906.

Rationale for inclusion: Only half of departments of surgery in the United States have established mentorship programs, and most are informal, unstructured, and do not involve all of the key stakeholders.

CAVEAT: Results are survey-based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Medical Student Mentorship in Plastic Surgery: The Mentee's Perspective
Barker JC, Rendon J, Janis JE.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016 Jun;137(6):1934-42.

Rationale for inclusion: Highlights areas for improvement of mentorship of plastic surgery medical students.

CAVEAT: Results are survey-based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Medical student clerkship performance and career selection after a junior medical student surgical mentorship program
Day KM, Schwartz TM, Rao V, Khokhar MT, Miner TJ, Harrington DT, Ryder BA.
Am J Surg. 2016 Feb;211(2):431-6.

Rationale for inclusion: Introduction to Surgery provides a model for a multifaceted junior medical student mentorship program, which has the potential to retain interested students for surgical career selection.

CAVEAT: Results are survey-based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Social media in the mentorship and networking of physicians: Important role for women in surgical specialties
Luc JGY, Stamp NL, Antonoff MB.
Am J Surg. 2018 Apr;215(4):752-760.

Rationale for inclusion: Social media serves as a valuable tool to enhance the networking and mentorship of surgeons, particularly for women in surgical specialties who may lack exposure to same-sex mentors at their own institution.

CAVEAT: Results are survey based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Mentorship in surgical training: current status and a needs assessment for future mentoring programs in surgery
Sinclair P, Fitzgerald JEF, Hornby ST, Shalhoub J.
World J Surg. 2015 Feb;39(2):303-13; discussion 314.

Rationale for inclusion: Despite an identified need for mentorship, there is currently no structure for organizing this and little national provision for mentoring.

CAVEAT: Results are survey-based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

A mentorship-based preclinical elective increases exposure, confidence, and interest in surgery
Drolet BC, Sangisetty S, Mulvaney PM, Ryder BA, Cioffi WG.
Am J Surg. 2014 Feb;207(2):179-86.

Rationale for inclusion: The mentorship model promotes residents as educators, whereas the elective provides a means for early identification of students interested in surgery.

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Otolaryngology training programs: resident and faculty perception of the mentorship experience
Lin SY, Laeeq K, Malik A, Varela DADV, Rhee JS, Pillsbury HC, Bhatti NI.
Laryngoscope. 2013 Aug;123(8):1876-83.

Rationale for inclusion: Mentees are generally satisfied with the mentoring they receive, while most mentors are not satisfied with the time they have to provide mentorship.

CAVEAT: Results are survey-based; pertains to ENT

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Mentorship: concepts and application to plastic surgery training programs
Franzblau LE, Kotsis SV, Chung KC.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013 May;131(5):837e-43e.

Rationale for inclusion: Examines mentorship in plastic surgery

CAVEAT: Review article

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Mentor networks in academic medicine: moving beyond a dyadic conception of mentoring for junior faculty researchers
DeCastro R, Sambuco D, Ubel P, Stewart A, Jagsi R.
Acad Med. 2013 Apr;88(4):488-96.

Rationale for inclusion: Qualitative study on 100K grant awardees and their mentoring relationships. The study elucidates that one single mentor cannot possess all the different skills required to be an effective mentor. The study affirms that a "mentoring community" is required to have a global mentoring infrastructure for the success of the mentee.

CAVEAT: Results are interview based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

ACGME core competency training, mentorship, and research in surgical subspecialty fellowship programs
Monn MF, Wang MH, Gilson MM, Chen B, Kern D, Gearhart SL.
J Surg Educ. Mar-Apr 2013;70(2):180-8.

Rationale for inclusion: Not all 6 ACGME core competencies and research are effectively being taught in surgery subspecialty training programs and mentorship in areas outside of patient care and research is lacking.

CAVEAT: Results are survey based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Characteristics of successful and failed mentoring relationships: a qualitative study across two academic health centers
Straus S, Johnson M, Marquez C, Feldman M.
Acad Med. 2013 Jan;88(1):82-9.

Rationale for inclusion: Delves into characteristics of effective and ineffective mentors and goes into details of what makes a mentor-mentee relationship successful.

CAVEAT: Results are interview based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Role models and mentors in surgery
Healy NA, Cantillon P, Malone C, Kerin MJ.
Am J Surg. 2012 Aug;204(2):256-61.

Rationale for inclusion: This article defines the terms role model and mentor and highlights the differences between these. It identifies the importance of early intervention in medical students' careers by surgeons and the possibility of junior doctors acting as mentors.

CAVEAT: Review article; pertains to medical students

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Mentorship in surgical training: a systematic review
Entezami P, Franzblau L, Chung K.
Hand (N Y). 2012 Mar;7(1):30-6.

Rationale for inclusion: This study identifies qualities of the mentee and its relationship for a successful mentor-mentee relationship is understudied.

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

How can we build mentorship in surgeons of the future?
Patel VM, Warren O, Ahmed K, Humphris P, Abbasi S, Ashrafian H, Darzi A, Athanasiou T.
ANZ J Surg. 2011 Jun;81(6):418-24.

Rationale for inclusion: Explains a 10-stage approach to implement a formal mentoring scheme at local, national and international levels.

CAVEAT: Review article

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Exploratory evaluation of surgical skills mentorship program design and outcomes
Gagliardi AR, Wright FC.
J Contin Educ Health Prof. Winter 2010;30(1):51-6.

Rationale for inclusion: This study explores outcomes and barriers associated with the design of surgical mentorship programs.

CAVEAT: Results are interview based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Mentorship in otolaryngology residency: the resident perspective
Hsu AK, Tabaee A, Persky MS
Laryngoscope. 2010 Jun;120(6):1263-8.

Rationale for inclusion: Residents officially assigned mentors reported statistically significant higher scores with regard to satisfaction with the overall mentorship experience and different aspects of mentorship in career preparation and research training.

CAVEAT: Results are survey based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

A systematic review of qualitative research on the meaning and characteristics of mentoring in academic medicine
Sambunjak D, Straus SE, Marusic A.
J Gen Intern Med. 2010 Jan;25(1):72-8.

Rationale for inclusion: Examines the characteristics of mentorship

CAVEAT: Review article

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

The value of mentorship in orthopaedic surgery resident education: the residents' perspective
Flint JH, Jahangir AA, Browner BD, Mehta S.
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009 Apr;91(4):1017-22.

Rationale for inclusion: Residents with mentors, residents in mentoring programs, and residents who selected their own mentors had higher satisfaction with their mentoring environment than did those with no formal mentoring program.

CAVEAT: Results are survey-based; pertains to orthopedics

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Acquiring basic surgical skills: is a faculty mentor really needed?
Jensen AR, Wright AS, Levy AE, McIntyre LK, Foy HM, Pellegrini CA, Horvath KD, Anastakis DJ.
Am J Surg. 2009 Jan;197(1):82-8.

Rationale for inclusion: Randomized trial looking at skill acquisition by surgical trainees with and without guidance of faculty mentor.

CAVEAT: Simulation based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Making the most of mentors: a guide for mentees
Zerzan JT, Hess R, Schur E, Phillips RS, Rigotti N.
Acad Med. 2009 Jan;84(1):140-4.

Rationale for inclusion: Applying "managing up" principles to academic mentoring relationships.

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Operating room assist: surgical mentorship and operating room experience for preclerkship medical students
Cloyd J, Holtzman D, O'Sullivan P, Sammann A, Tendick F, Ascher N.
J Surg Educ. Jul-Aug 2008;65(4):275-82.

Rationale for inclusion: Early surgical exposure is critical for attracting student interest in careers in surgery.

CAVEAT: Pertains to medical students

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Can mentors prevent and reduce burnout in new chairs of departments of obstetrics and gynecology: results from a prospective, randomized pilot study
Gabbe SG, Webb LE, Moore DE Jr, Mandel LS, Melville JL, Spickard WA Jr.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Jun;198(6):653.e1-7.

Rationale for inclusion: Randomized trial evaluating relationship of mentoring to burnout in chairs of departments.

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Mentorship, learning curves, and balance
Cohen MS, Jacobs JP, Quintessenza JA, Chai PJ, Lindberg HL, Dickey J, Ungerleider RM
Cardiol Young. 2007 Sep;17 Suppl 2:164-74.

Rationale for inclusion: Exploration of mentorship, learning curves, and balance in surgery.

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Career choice in academic medicine: systematic review
Straus SE, Straus C, Tzanetos K.
J Gen Intern Med. 2006 Dec;21(12):1222-9.

Rationale for inclusion: Examines factors that influence the decision to choose or not choose a career in academic medicine.

CAVEAT: Review article

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Mentoring in academic medicine: a systematic review
Sambunjak D, Straus SE, Marusic A.
JAMA. 2006 Sep 6;296(9):1103-15.

Rationale for inclusion: Mentoring is perceived as an important part of academic medicine, but the evidence to support this perception is not strong.

CAVEAT: Review article

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Mentoring during residency education: a unique challenge for the surgeon?
Pellegrini VD Jr.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Aug;449:143-8.

Rationale for inclusion: Overview of mentorship in orthopedic surgery

CAVEAT: Review article

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Personal satisfaction and mentorship are critical factors for today's resident surgeons to seek surgical training
Lukish J, Cruess D.
Am Surg. 2005 Nov;71(11):971-4; discussion 974-6.

Rationale for inclusion: Summary of the viewpoints of the Resident and Associate Society of the American College of Surgeons (RAS-ACS) membership regarding current training and quality of life-related issues prior to implementation of the new duty-hour guidelines.

CAVEAT: Results are survey-based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Informal mentoring between faculty and medical students
Rose GL, Rukstalis MR, Schuckit MA.
Acad Med. 2005 Apr;80(4):344-8.

Rationale for inclusion: Concrete advice for mentor "do's and don'ts" is offered, with case examples illustrating key concepts.

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

Perceived obstacles to career success for women in academic surgery
Colletti LM, Mulholland MW, Sonnad SS.
Arch Surg. 2000 Aug;135(8):972-7.

Rationale for inclusion: Both men and women reported insufficient mentoring and difficulties in balancing personal and professional responsibilities.

CAVEAT: Results are survey-based

Citations  - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.

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