Other Transport - Motorcycles
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- Impact of motorcycle helmets and state laws on society's burden: a national study.
- Croce MA, Zarzaur BL, Magnotti LJ, Fabian TC.
- Ann Surg. 2009 Sep;250(3):390-4.
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Rationale for inclusion: Expanded on the earlier study by Hundely et al, this was a more extensive analysis of helmeted vs. unhelmeted MCC patients from the NTDB and included more than 76,000 patients. For all injury severity measures included, the unhelmeted group suffered more severe injuries, most importantly head injuries which conferred a significant burden on the healthcare system. Additionally, the authors' analysis concluded that a potential $32 million of healthcare dollars could be saved by helmet use alone.
Citations - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.
- Probabilistic models of motorcyclists' injury severities in single- and multi-vehicle crashes.
- Savolainen P, Mannering F.
- Accid Anal Prev. 2007 Sep;39(5):955-63.
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Rationale for inclusion: Demonstrated in regression modeling that helmet use, among other factors, is associated with injury severity.
Citations - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.
- Non-helmeted motorcyclists: a burden to society? A study using the National Trauma Data Bank.
- Hundley JC, Kilgo PD, Miller PR, Chang MC, Hensberry RA, Meredith JW, Hoth JJ.
- J Trauma. 2004 Nov;57(5):944-9.
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Rationale for inclusion: One of the first studies to address the issue of helmet usage and directly address the criticisms that previous studies showing the benefits of helmet use did not control for other important confounders (namely alcohol and drugs). Using the NTDB database, 8 years of data were collected, and helmeted and non-helmeted injured patient cohorts were compared. Results support that unhelmeted MCC suffer higher injury burden and the costs of their care is significantly more expensive than their helmeted counterparts.
Citations - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.
- Motorcycle helmet use and injury outcome and hospitalization costs from crashes in Washington State.
- Rowland J, Rivara F, Salzberg P, Soderberg R, Maier R, Koepsell T.
- Am J Public Health. 1996 Jan;86(1):41-5.
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Rationale for inclusion: Demonstrated that helmet use is associated with decreased injury severity, injury burden, and hospital costs.
Citations - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.
- Fatal injuries in motorcycle riders according to helmet use.
- Sarkar S, Peek C, Kraus JF.
- J Trauma. 1995 Feb;38(2):242-5.
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Rationale for inclusion: Provides evidence that helmet use does not lead to higher incidence of cervical spine injury and that un-helmeted riders have higher frequency of severe head and neck injury.
Citations - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.
- The effect of the 1992 California motorcycle helmet use law on motorcycle crash fatalities and injuries.
- Kraus JF, Peek C, McArthur DL, Williams A.
- JAMA. 1994 Nov 16;272(19):1506-11.
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Rationale for inclusion: Demonstrated that helmet laws decrease motorcycle fatalities.
Citations - To review the number of citations for this landmark paper, visit Google Scholar.